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Preheat the oven to 325F.
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In a large mixing bowl combine the flour, all but 2 tablespoons of the sugar, baking powder, and salt and beat 1 minute to mix.
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Make a well in the center.
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Add the oil, egg yolks, orange juice, orange zest, and vanilla and beat 1 minute or until smooth.
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In another large mixing bowl beat the egg whites until frothy, add the cream of tartar, and beat until soft peaks form when the beater is raised.
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Beat in the remaining 2 tablespoons sugar and beat until stiff peaks form when the beater is raised slowly.
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Gently fold the egg whites into the batter with a large balloon wire whisk, slotted skimmer, or angel food cake folder until just blended.
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Pour into the tube pan (the batter will come to 1 inch from the top), run a small metal spatula or knife through the batter to prevent air pockets, and bake for 55 minutes or until a cake tester inserted in the center comes out clean and the cake springs back when lightly pressed in the center.
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Invert the pan, placing the tube opening over the neck of a soda or wine bottle to suspend it well above the counter, and cool the cake completely in the pan (this takes about 1 1/2 hours).
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Loosen the sides with a long metal spatula and remove the center core of the pan.
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Dislodge the bottom and center core with a metal spatula or thin, sharp knife.
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(A wire cake tester works well around the core.
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To keep the sides attractive, press the spatula against the sides of the pan and avoid any up-and-down motion.)
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Invert onto a greased wire rack and reinvert onto a serving plate.
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Wrap airtight.
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4 1/2 inches high in the middle.
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3 days room temperature, 10 days refrigerated, 2 months frozen.
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A light sprinkling of powdered sugar and/or decorate the base and center with orange blossoms or fresh daisies.
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Candied orange zest scattered on top also makes an attractive and flavorful addition.
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Room temperature or lightly chilled.
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Cut with a serrated knife.
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Use cake flour that does not contain leavening.
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Do not use self-rising cake flour.
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Use superfine sugar for the finest texture and maximum volume.
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Measure or weigh ingredients carefully.
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Do not use oil that contains silicates it will be listed on the label.
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Egg whites must be free of even a trace of yolk and the bowl must be spotless.
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When beating egg whites, use cream of tartar or be careful to beat just until stiff peaks form when the beater is raised slowly.
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Fold flour gently but thoroughly into the batter.
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Prevent air pockets by running a small metal spatula or knife through the batter before baking.
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Use the correct pan size.
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Bake immediately after mixing.
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Check for accurate oven temperature.
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Use correct baking time; do not underbake.
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Cool cakes upside down, well elevated from the countertop, in a draft-free area.
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Wrap cakes well when cool.
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An angel food cake folder, large balloon whisk, or slotted skimmer is ideal for folding in the flour with the least amount of air loss.
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If using the whisk, periodically shake out the batter which collects inside.