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1
Heat the oven to 350 degrees F and arrange a rack in the middle.
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2
Coat a 13-by-9-inch baking dish with butter; set aside.
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3
Fill a large saucepan with generously salted water and bring to a boil over high heat.
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4
Add the cauliflower and cook until just knife tender, about 5 minutes.
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5
Drain in a colander; set aside.
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6
Return the saucepan to medium heat and melt 4 tablespoons of the butter until foaming.
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7
Add the shallots and cook, stirring occasionally, until softened, about 4 minutes.
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8
Reduce the heat to low, add the flour, and whisk until smooth and the raw taste has cooked off, about 1 minute.
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9
Gradually whisk in the milk.
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10
Add the mustard, Worcestershire, bay leaf, cayenne, and measured salt and season generously with pepper.
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11
Cook, stirring often, until the sauce has just thickened, about 10 to 12 minutes.
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12
Discard the bay leaf.
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13
Add the reserved cauliflower to the sauce and stir to coat.
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14
Transfer to the prepared baking dish and arrange in an even layer.
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15
Bake until bubbly and the edges start to brown, about 35 to 40 minutes.
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16
Meanwhile, heat the remaining 3 tablespoons butter in a medium frying pan over medium heat.
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17
When the foaming subsides, add the panko and season with salt and pepper.
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18
Cook, stirring occasionally, until lightly browned and toasted, about 6 to 8 minutes.
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19
Transfer to a medium bowl; set aside.
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20
When the casserole is done, let it sit for 5 to 10 minutes.
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21
Sprinkle the toasted panko evenly over top and serve.